Diagnosis of Vitiligo

For Vitiligo disease in a large number of studies, it has been found that vitiligo patients have a variety of laboratory abnormalities, although most of these abnormalities are nonspecific, but has a certain reference for study of diagnosis and treatment and pathogenesis of this disease.
1. Blood tests
Vitiligo do before treatment or treatment of some blood tests are necessary from which to identify potential abnormal or visceral lesions, identify the cause, can improve the cure rate is conducive to the rehabilitation of vitiligo.
(1) blood gas analysis: pH value measurement, 100 cases of vitiligo patients compared with the normal 100 cases, vitiligo average of 7.3650, the normal average of 7.3888, blood pH slightly lower than normal in patients with vitiligo.
(2) blood: Many vitiligo patients had measured blood anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.
(3) immune abnormalities: Vitiligo patients have been found to exist in a variety of serum autoantibodies, including thyroglobulin, antithyroid microsomal, anti-gastric parietal cells, anti-adrenergic, anti-smooth muscle, anti-cardiac, anti-insulin, anti-platelet and anti- nuclear antibodies, the positive rate ranging from vitiligo patients with serum anti-melanocyte cell surface protein found antibodies from 8.2% to 50%, of this disease is important, but with normal skin as a substrate indirect immunofluorescence assay positive rate low, using cultured melanocytes as a substrate, using a modified indirect immunofluorescence assay or immunofluorescence complement fixation method, immunoprecipitation, Western blot positive rate much higher, up to about 50% to 80%, it has been reported serum immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin A increased compared with the normal complement (C3), serum total complement activity (CH50) decreased helper T cells (TH) reduced or increased, auxiliary T cells and suppressor T cells ratio change, the patient intradermal tuberculin test, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin test and lymphocyte transformation test showed low phenomenon occurs, there are about serum soluble interleukin -2 receptor (SIL-2R) increased levels of coverage that these circumstances do before treatment or treatment of some blood tests are necessary, may find abnormalities or potential lesions in vivo, further identified for possible The reason to do symptomatic treatment, can improve the cure rate is conducive to the rehabilitation of vitiligo.
2. Trace Elements
Through the 100 cases of patients with vitiligo hair and normal hair Copper 100 cases compared to the average of vitiligo patients 8.6898μg / g, normal is 10.0703μ / g, t-test P value less than 0.05, indicating that patients with vitiligo and low copper is closely related to, the detection of zinc, tin, manganese and normal no significant difference, other lower serum copper oxidase activity, increased serum monoamine oxidase, serum ceruloplasmin increased, in addition to reports of chromosome aberrations, patients with microcirculatory disorders It reported.
3.Wood lamp examination
Wood lamp to determine pigmentation nuances of great help, melanin absorb the whole band ultraviolet light, if melanin reduction is strong refraction, which was light, while the refractive weak increased melanin, which was dark, Wood lamp can be used to check the depth of melanin in the skin, such as checking epidermal pigmented lesions (such as freckles), when radiation can darken pigment, and intradermal pigmentation does not have this reaction, thus can determine the location of melanin in the Wood lamp, vitiligo changes in skin pigment obviously much in visible light, but changes in the Wood lamp dermal pigment is not obvious.
Auxiliary examination

In addition to the number of basal layer of vitiligo pathology melanocytes and melanin granules decreased or disappeared, in general, there is no inflammation, vitiligo basal cell layer of melanosomes and melanocytes decrease or lack of, in the activity of damage, the center melanocyte density around at the abnormal increase of melanocytes, is at the edge of the area two to three times the normal area in the earlier inflammatory phase can be observed skin edema and sponge called Vitiligo is formed at the edge of uplift, leather the visible infiltration of lymphocytes and histiocytes, major change has been the formation of vitiligo damage within melanocytes melanosomes reduce or even disappear, reportedly Langerhans cells may have increased, normal or redistribution, there is some evidence that the entire epidermis - melanin unit is damaged, no melanocytes late decolorization lesions, the use of special staining and electron microscopy is no exception, by ultraviolet radiation skin visible reactive hyperkeratosis, early upper dermis also saw a bite of pigment cells inside epidermal melanocytes at the margin of the lesion pigmentation increase melanosomes, silver staining and electron microscopy unit peripheral nerve lesions have degenerative changes, dopa-responsive inspection, complete leukoplakia almost see melanocytes, without completely type only see few melanocytes, and its response is weak, the relevant circumstances are described below.